Venus/Earth Comparison
Bulk parameters
|
Venus |
Earth |
Ratio (Venus/Earth) |
Mass (1024 kg) |
4.8675 |
5.9724 |
0.815 |
Volume (1010 km3) |
92.843 |
108.321 |
0.857 |
Equatorial radius (km) |
6051.8 |
6378.1 |
0.949 |
Polar radius (km) |
6051.8 |
6356.8 |
0.952 |
Volumetric mean radius (km) |
6051.8 |
6371.0 |
0.950 |
Ellipticity (Flattening) |
0.000 |
0.00335 |
0.0 |
Mean density (kg/m3) |
5243 |
5514 |
0.951 |
Surface gravity (eq.) (m/s2) |
8.87 |
9.80 |
0.905 |
Surface acceleration (eq.) (m/s2) |
8.87 |
9.78 |
0.907 |
Escape velocity (km/s) |
10.36 |
11.19 |
0.926 |
GM (x 106 km3/s2) |
0.32486 |
0.39860 |
0.815 |
Bond albedo |
0.77 |
0.306 |
2.52 |
Geometric albedo |
0.689 |
0.434 |
1.59 |
V-band magnitude V(1,0) |
-4.38 |
-3.99 |
- |
Solar irradiance (W/m2) |
2601.3 |
1361.0 |
1.911 |
Black-body temperature (K) |
226.6 |
254.0 |
0.892 |
Topographic range (km) |
13 |
20 |
0.650 |
Moment of inertia (I/MR2) |
0.33 |
0.3308 |
0.998 |
J2 (x 10-6) |
4.458 |
1082.63 |
0.004 |
Number of natural satellites |
0 |
1 |
|
Planetary ring system |
No |
No |
|
Orbital parameters
|
Venus |
Earth |
Ratio (Venus/Earth) |
Semimajor axis (106 km) |
108.21 |
149.60 |
0.723 |
Sidereal orbit period (days) |
224.701 |
365.256 |
0.615 |
Tropical orbit period (days) |
224.695 |
365.242 |
0.615 |
Perihelion (106 km) |
107.48 |
147.09 |
0.731 |
Aphelion (106 km) |
108.94 |
152.10 |
0.716 |
Synodic period (days) |
583.92 |
- |
- |
Mean orbital velocity (km/s) |
35.02 |
29.78 |
1.176 |
Max. orbital velocity (km/s) |
35.26 |
30.29 |
1.164 |
Min. orbital velocity (km/s) |
34.79 |
29.29 |
1.188 |
Orbit inclination (deg) |
3.39 |
0.00 |
- |
Orbit eccentricity |
0.0067 |
0.0167 |
0.401 |
Sidereal rotation period (hrs) |
-5832.6 |
23.9345 |
243.690 |
Length of day (hrs) |
2802.0 |
24.0000 |
116.750 |
Obliquity to orbit (deg) |
177.36 |
23.44 |
- |
Inclination of equator (deg) |
2.64 |
23.44 |
0.113 |
Venus Observational Parameters
Discoverer: Unknown
Discovery Date: Prehistoric
Distance from Earth
Minimum (106 km) 38.2
Maximum (106 km) 261.0
Apparent diameter from Earth
Maximum (seconds of arc) 66.0
Minimum (seconds of arc) 9.7
Maximum visual magnitude -4.6
Mean values at inferior conjunction with Earth
Distance from Earth (106 km) 41.44
Apparent diameter (seconds of arc) 60.2
Venus Mean Orbital Elements (J2000)
Semimajor axis (AU) 0.72333199
Orbital eccentricity 0.00677323
Orbital inclination (deg) 3.39471
Longitude of ascending node (deg) 76.68069
Longitude of perihelion (deg) 131.53298
Mean Longitude (deg) 181.97973
North Pole of Rotation
Right Ascension: 272.76
Declination : 67.16
Reference Date : 12:00 UT 1 Jan 2000 (JD 2451545.0)
Venus Atmosphere
Surface pressure: 92 bars
Surface density: ~65. kg/m3
Scale height: 15.9 km
Total mass of atmosphere: ~4.8 x 1020 kg
Average temperature: 737 K (464 C)
Diurnal temperature range: ~0
Wind speeds: 0.3 to 1.0 m/s (surface)
Mean molecular weight: 43.45
Atmospheric composition (near surface, by volume):
Major: 96.5% Carbon Dioxide (CO2), 3.5% Nitrogen (N2)
Minor (ppm): Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - 150; Argon (Ar) - 70; Water (H2O) - 20;
Carbon Monoxide (CO) - 17; Helium (He) - 12; Neon (Ne) - 7
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